You can check with an ohm meter. There should be no continuity between either hot wire and the ground. Between the two hot wires it should read maybe 1.5 ohms.
I hope I'm posting this in the right order so you can read it get your opinion. There's posts and a lot of valuable opinion. But here's my findings from last night on the ground wire being broken and it looks like I have possibly broken a mirror. Crossed a black cat walking underneath the ladder. I cannot catch a break to save my life. So now after a new pump and pipe everything work good except for blue air out every time. So after pulling it I found a crack in the check valve which was sucking air. So I remove that check now and I put it at the pressure tank. Which now I understand I don't need it there because it messes with my vacuum or something. However it did in eliminate blowing air in a violent way. Excellent water pressure for 3 days and then once again no water pressure I drains my pressure tank with the pump off I set my air pressure in the holding tank to 38 lb I have a 40 pound kick on. Turn everything build pressure to 60 lbs it was beautiful the pump kicked off exactly as it should have. I went into the house tired and dirty I'm a large man in a very small crawl space. The water pressure was better than I've ever had it in fact I bragged on it after right set down on the drain and cried like a little baby, just kidding I cried like a big baby sobbing and rejoicing with my awesome water pressure. I went to work bragged 2 everybody. I come home couldn't wait for another nice hot shower.WTF, walk in the door in my wife's said got no water pressure isn't it time you hired a real plumber she loves me, so I drain my tank and I check my bladder wants again. Guess what it was about 10 lb I brought it back to 38# turn everything on open the water valves up it went to 60 lb and cut off perfectly beautiful water pressure another beautiful shower the same thing the next night. I've had it I went under the house I tore out everything I built a small utility building on the back of my house reinstall everything so I could get my fat butt around a little bit easier. I went from a 20 gallon tank to a 6 6 gallon pressure tank after $400 on the tank alone. I don't get me that after all I needed a cycle flow valve but that will be another day. So now after Plumbing everything again and firing up my well obviously my other tank had a leak in it. that happened just after my pump went out just after I had to re pull to change check valves. I kicked on the pump it started to gurgle water up to my new holding tank and then blue a breaker. So after some research when I went from a one to two horsepower my 14 gauge wiring and 20 amp breaker wasn't handling it so I went to 10 gauge and a 30 amp breaker so this is it everything replaced flip the breaker and nothing. I've got 240-volt at the well casing amperage at all. So today I begin pulling my well, found that I had a broken ground I rejoice and repaired it and recheck my voltage and this is what I've got. at 1:30 in the morning with no shower and no toilet yeah, I know I'm whining a a lot but this has been going on since Thanksgiving Day just before dinner I hear dad the water's not working. my wife and I have never been more scared of water in our life. here's my findings for tonight
1. With 122v x 2=244v to pump and down casing.
2. Red 120v leg pulled 69.2 - 75 amps on start up yes 75 amps.
3. Black 120v leg pulled 1.2 - 1.5 amps on start up
4. I believe the amps alternated between legs not a 100% positive though.
5. With ground wire not connected, and 122v per leg 244v down casing to pump no amperage.
6. With ground connected, 122v per leg with 69-75 amps on one and 1.5-1.9 amps on other.
7. And while ground was connected approximately 45 sec. To a minute it blew the breaker. You could hear the pump running at casing, the ground wire got hot enough to smoke and start to melt plastic shield, just before breaker blew.
8. So, on last check, checked 3 times, had same results. I cut ground wire with wire cutters deliberately to see if pump would quit running (with no ground) and it sparked like a welder. Very loud and pump stopped. But I still had 240 volts going to pump with no amperage. At 1 a.m. pack it up for the night. The world has been pulled one third of the way with 2/3 still down the hole. So not sure what to expect but I'll keep pulling any ideas whatsoever I would be greatly appreciated. What I am going to do so if I don't quit chasing my tail with $1 bills is as my wife suggested. Kill myself that's right fill the bathtub full of water and drown myself in sorrow. I just don't have any water. At this point if my wife says when are you going to call a plumber I think I'm going to draw myself in the septic tank I'm trying to be a little comical that's how I deal with stress, failure throwing my money away and competing with a damn plumber. I've got three pipe wrenches and now I'm a master electrician. My wife and kids and I wait till about 2 a.m. sneak to the neighbors patio under the pale moonlight between the snow drifts use the neighbors water hose to take a shower. Can it get any better than this thank you in advance.