HOW do you know "where the full flow should be with the head removed", unless the flow is very wimpy. There is nothing in the cartridge that could restrict the flow. BUT, if you have a HD version, they had a very small "nonmetallic" hose which would restrict the flow to the federally mandated level. The "quality" of the HD and plumber's versions, are not always too different. The difference is usually in whether it is a defecive version or not.
Don't know if it is an HD version because I didn't buy it or install it.
1. I confirmed the design flow with the company--it is the same as printed on the aerator and is 2.2 gpm @ 60 psig, which happens to be within about 2 psi of what I'm getting after elevation head loss. Flow restrictors are typically designed to give close to nameplate along a wide pressure range.
2. I do timed bucket tests (actually 2 quart pitcher works with this lethargic flow.)
3. I also measured it when it first started to fall off several years ago, when it was still much higher flow than now.
4. I can measure some increase in flow with the head removed, but not anywhere close to what it should be and considerably less than what it was a few years ago.
5. I tried sprayer tests with aerator removed spray or normal stream. Same result.
6. Hot and cold give the same results.
If the restrictor is in the hose as you say, and it is failing in some fashion, then I'll see the same low flow before and after with the new cartridge. The fact that I've measured considerably more flow with the spout removed from the hose, but still only about 60% of design suggests there are multiple issues. This is particularly true since the original flow rate when we moved in appears to have been right around design. I tested it when the flow first declined and at the time it was about 76% of design. Accepted it and lived with it but it has continued to decline. Our water is soft enough that lime deposits have not been an issue.
And yes these level of flow changes are very easy to detect even without a stopwatch and bucket.