The L14 is for 125 Volts, and the L15 is for 250 Volts. Obviously, bad things would happen if you plugged a 240 volt equipment into 120 volts, or vice versa, so of course the plugs will prevent this from happening.
The size and orientation of the blades will change as you progress through the various voltages and amperages. The direction of the tab on the keying terminal will also shift between inward and outward. You either have to know the series and amperage of the receptable to get the proper plug, or take it with you to try the various ones.