If you take a flashlight, and look down the drain, can you see standing water? If so, that is the location of the trap. If you just see pipe and maybe a bend, you've probably found the source of the problem. Anything above the trap that catches hair, soap scum, oil, dead skin, etc. is exposed to the air inbetween showers, and can smell. Keeping that pipe clean is the only solution other than moving the trap directly under the drain where it should be.
Now, if there are seams in that shower, and they aren't installed well, you could have mold behind the walls, or in the floor, if it was leaking around the drain into the subflooring. That's another issue altogether.