The stuff that will wear out the impeller all comes from the bottom.
Put the foot valve on a float that will keep it off the bottom. Put the pump in the deepest possible water where wave action is minimized.
If you can put an old tank in the suction lines, substantially horizontal, with the inlet and outlet at opposite ends and the outlet higher than the inlet, that will cause the most severe sand to settle in the tank. You will eventually have to clear the sand out of the tank.
If you can put a large pipe, such as a piece of culvert pipe, in the lake and roughly seal the inlet pipe to the end nearest the shore, it will settle out anything that is large enough to damage the pump.
If you decide to use a filter you must connect it so the water flows from outside to inside. That is a "pressure" filter even though the pressure at the outlet is less than atmospheric pressure.