When water heats it expands. Unless there is a check valve in the intake supply line, this expansion is absorbed by the water main. Some city meters have a check valve built in, and a pressure regulator valve also is a check valve. It either of these are present, then you have what is termed a closed system. Without an expansion tank in a closed system, the expanded water creates a huge pressure rise in the water heater and results in the TP valve tripping. The size of the tank would not make any difference, so it sounds like you do not have a closed system and do not need an expansion tank.